本文发表在 rolia.net 枫下论坛Division of the commandments as listed in Exodus 20
The passage in Exodus 20 contains more than ten imperative statements, totalling 14 or 15 in all. While the Bible itself assigns the count of "10", using the Hebrew phrase aseret had'varim ('the 10 words', 'statements' or 'things'), this phrase does not appear in Exodus 20.[9] Various religions parse the commandments differently. The table below highlights those differences.
Division of the Ten Commandments by religion/denomination Commandment Jewish (Talmudic)* Anglican, Reformed, and other Christian Orthodox Catholic, Lutheran**
I am the Lord your God 1 preface 1 1
You shall have no other gods before me 2 1
You shall not make for yourself an idol 2 2
You shall not make wrongful use of the name of your God 3 3 3 2
Remember the Sabbath and keep it holy 4 4 4 3
Honor your father and mother 5 5 5 4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You shall not murder*** 6 6 6 5
You shall not commit adultery 7 7 7 6
You shall not steal**** 8 8 8 7
You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor 9 9 9 8
You shall not covet***** your neighbor's wife 10 10 10 9
You shall not covet***** anything that belongs to your neighbor 10
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes:
* The "Talmudic Division" is the breakdown held by modern Judaism, and dates to at least the Third Century. The "Philonic Division", which dates to the first century, is found in the writings of Philo and Josephus. They ended the first commandment after verse 3 and list the second commandment as verses 4-6, similar to most Protestants (non-Lutheran) and the Eastern Orthodox Church.[10]
** Some Lutheran churches use a slightly different division of the Ninth and Tenth Commandments (9. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's house; 10. You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his workers, or his cattle, or anything that is your neighbor’s).[11]
*** The Roman Catholic Church uses the translation 'kill' (less specific and more inclusive) instead of 'murder'.[12]
**** Sources within Judaism assert that this is a reference to kidnapping, whereas Leviticus 19:11 is the Biblical reference banning the stealing of property. This understanding is based on the Talmudical hermeneutic known as דבר הלמד מעניינו/davar ha-lamed me-inyano (literally 'something proved by the context'), by which this must refer to a capital offense just as the previous two commandments refer to capital offenses.[13]
***** More recent scholarship suggests that "take" may be better for chamad than "covet."[14]更多精彩文章及讨论，请光临枫下论坛 rolia.net